In the context of globalization, advertising campaigns by multinational corporations need to take into account the cultural backgrounds of consumers to ensure effective communication and brand image development. This paper takes Nike as an example to explore the reflection and impact of cultural differences in advertising campaigns by multinational corporations. Firstly, it analyzes the manifestation of different cultural features in Nike advertisements, including the selection of language and symbols, the presentation of values, and adjustments to aesthetic standards. Secondly, it discusses the effects of these cultural differences in Nike advertisements, covering aspects such as enhancing brand identity, improving advertising effectiveness, and avoiding cultural conflicts. Through detailed analysis of Nike's advertising campaigns in different countries, the paper concludes that fully considering cultural differences is a crucial factor in ensuring the effectiveness of advertisements and consistency of brand image in multinational corporations. Therefore, multinational corporations should actively take measures to develop corresponding advertising strategies based on different cultural backgrounds to achieve a combination of localization and globalization of the brand, thus achieving success in the global market.